Question 1

Glaucoma

Accepted Answer

Glaucoma is a neurological condition affecting the optic nerve. The optic nerve connects the eye to the brain. Glaucoma is caused by increased pressure in the eye due to family history or trauma. Many  people do not know that they are affected until advanced stages of the disease, which presents as tunnel vision. Frequent monitoring and office visits are necessary to help prevent progression. Symptoms include peripheral/ side vision loss. Treatment begins with eye drops in attempt to lower eye pressure. If these measures fail, surgical options are available.

Question 2

Macular Degeneration

Accepted Answer

Macular Degeneration affects the central part of your vision called the macula, which is responsible for high resolution and color vision. Symptoms include distortion, scotomas (“blacked out areas”), and blindness. Currently, there is no cure for this disease. Some steps that patients can take to prevent progression is eating green leafy vegetables, wearing UV protection, monitoring vision at home using an Amsler grid, and taking eye vitamins (AREDS2 by PreserVision), which can be purchased at your local pharmacy. If the disease progresses, ophthalmology assumes care.

Question 3

Diabetic Retinopathy

Accepted Answer

Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness in Americans. Retinopathy is a complication, where the small blood vessels in the back part of the eye called the retina become damaged; this results in bleeding and areas deprived of oxygen. Causes include poor blood sugar control, varying blood sugar readings, and long duration of the disease. In the early stages, treatment is not required, but patients are advised to regularly monitor their blood sugar and implement better control ( especially with diet and exercise). In advanced stages, surgical intervention is needed to prevent further damage and deterioration of eyesight.

Question 4

Blepharitis

Accepted Answer

Blepharitis is irritation and inflammation of the eyelids. Small oil glands line the eyelids and secrete a portion of the tear film. When these glands become clogged, infected with bacteria, or built up with debris, dry eye results. Symptoms include redness, crusting of the eyelashes, dryness, irritation, burning, and excessive tearing. Treatment includes lid scrubs, artificial tears, or prescription eye drops.

Question 5

Convergence Insufficiency

Accepted Answer

Convergence Insufficiency is a condition that affects how the two eyes work together as a team. It is difficult for the eyes to cross in order to focus on an object at near. Symptoms include eyestrain, double vision, blurred vision, headache, avoidance of reading, and poor school performance. A common treatment option includes vision therapy, where the patient is given a series of excises to complete in-office or at home.

Eye Conditions

Glaucoma

Macular Degeneration

Diabetic Retinopathy

Blepharitis

Convergence Insufficiency

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